{"id":"eurostat.eurostat-isoc-bde15ar2-pc-j582.esp.annual","dataset_id":"eurostat-isoc-bde15ar2-pc-j582","indicator":"eurostat-isoc-bde15ar2-pc-j582","geography":"ESP","frequency":"annual","unit":"Percentage","start_period":"2008","end_period":"2023","org":"Eurostat","original_indicator":"isoc_bde15ar2","url":"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/isoc_bde15ar2/default/table","retrieved_at":"2026-11-08T10:28:13+00:00","version":"1","geography_name":"Spain","region":"Europe & Central Asia","observations":[{"period":"2008","value":0.67,"flags":""},{"period":"2009","value":0.36,"flags":""},{"period":"2010","value":0.29,"flags":""},{"period":"2011","value":0.32,"flags":""},{"period":"2012","value":0.29,"flags":""},{"period":"2013","value":0.23,"flags":""},{"period":"2014","value":0.35,"flags":""},{"period":"2015","value":0.26,"flags":""},{"period":"2016","value":0.17,"flags":""},{"period":"2017","value":0.19,"flags":""},{"period":"2018","value":0.18,"flags":""},{"period":"2019","value":0.17,"flags":""},{"period":"2020","value":0.29,"flags":""},{"period":"2021","value":0.4,"flags":""},{"period":"2022","value":0.51,"flags":""},{"period":"2023","value":0.42,"flags":""}],"indicator_name":"Business expenditure on R&D (BERD) in ICT sector as % of total R&D expenditure by NACE Rev. 2 activity: Software publishing","topic":"Infrastructure","source":"eurostat","provenance":{"organization":"Eurostat","original_indicator":"isoc_bde15ar2","url":"https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/isoc_bde15ar2/default/table","retrieved_at":"2026-11-08T10:28:13+00:00","version":"1","license":"see source"}}